For moving object need power, the same cases on atomic event, to move the electron in order move to other position need power or need energy. The power to move electrons in conductor called as electromotive force (emf). Electromotive force often called as Electric Force. Appliance which can yield electric force is called electric current source or electric source. The principle of this appliance is similar with a pump work, which pushing electrons to move regularly in the electric conductor.
This term of electric source should be understand not the source of electric that yield electric current, but providing energy to move electrons. So other term for electric source is defined as Electric Generator. As electric generator available in many ways:
Electric generate because of chemical reactions, such as: Accumulator or Battery.
Electric generate because of magnetic induction, such as: Dynamo and Generator.
Electric generate because of heat, such as: Thermocouple.
Electric generate because of light effect, such as: Quartz, Crystals, Photoelectric Cell. Each of those appliances works with a certain condition and have special rule to generate electric.
This condition should be fulfilling as to result the electric with a suit result as we want. If the condition then changes doe to other factor like age or environment, yield of electric current will digressing and need reconditioning.
Saturday, May 31, 2008
Friday, May 23, 2008
Cathode and Cathode-ray Tube
Cathode:
A cathode is the terminal, or electrode, through which a positive electrical current exist (or negative current enters) an electrical device. (The other electrode is the anode.) in electrolysis, the negatively charged electrode immerse in a cell containing an electrolyte (a chemical mixture or compound that conducts electricity) is called the cathode. In an electron tube, the cathode is the electrode from which a stream of electrons is emitted.
Cathode-ray Tube
The cathode-ray tube, often abbreviated CRT is an electron tube that provides a visual display of information. The tube’s glass envelope is at the tube’s narrow end generates a stream of electrons. (Before the discovery of the electron, such a stream was known as a cathode-ray). As they pass through one or more cylinder electrodes, the electrons are focused into a pencil-shaped beam. The electron beam then pass through a deflection section where it is shifted either vertically or horizontally in response to an external signal. The deflection may be caused by passing a current through electromagnetic deflection coils that encircle the tubes, by applying a voltage to one or more of four deflection electrodes arranged around the beam’s path. After the electron beam has been deflected. It strike a light emitting layer or phosphor on the inside wall of the tube’s face. The electrons cause the phosphor to fluorescence and the resulting glow becomes a point of light on the face of the screen. Various phosphors or combinations of phosphors can be used to produce all the colors of the visible spectrum.
The cathode ray tube is by far the most important electronic visual display used today. Its best known application is in Television. The circuitry in television receives causes the electron beam in the CRT to continuously sweep across the screen in a pattern of hundreds of closely spaced horizontal lines at a rapid rate. A similar Scanning pattern is used in the TV camera. By synchronizing the camera’s signal with the receiver’s sweep circuits, the electron beam can be activated and deactivated in step with the signal. The result is an image on the face of the cathode-ray tube that reduces the image picked up by the camera. Other uses for the CRT include the visual display for an oscilloscope and the video display unit for a computer.
A cathode is the terminal, or electrode, through which a positive electrical current exist (or negative current enters) an electrical device. (The other electrode is the anode.) in electrolysis, the negatively charged electrode immerse in a cell containing an electrolyte (a chemical mixture or compound that conducts electricity) is called the cathode. In an electron tube, the cathode is the electrode from which a stream of electrons is emitted.
Cathode-ray Tube
The cathode-ray tube, often abbreviated CRT is an electron tube that provides a visual display of information. The tube’s glass envelope is at the tube’s narrow end generates a stream of electrons. (Before the discovery of the electron, such a stream was known as a cathode-ray). As they pass through one or more cylinder electrodes, the electrons are focused into a pencil-shaped beam. The electron beam then pass through a deflection section where it is shifted either vertically or horizontally in response to an external signal. The deflection may be caused by passing a current through electromagnetic deflection coils that encircle the tubes, by applying a voltage to one or more of four deflection electrodes arranged around the beam’s path. After the electron beam has been deflected. It strike a light emitting layer or phosphor on the inside wall of the tube’s face. The electrons cause the phosphor to fluorescence and the resulting glow becomes a point of light on the face of the screen. Various phosphors or combinations of phosphors can be used to produce all the colors of the visible spectrum.
The cathode ray tube is by far the most important electronic visual display used today. Its best known application is in Television. The circuitry in television receives causes the electron beam in the CRT to continuously sweep across the screen in a pattern of hundreds of closely spaced horizontal lines at a rapid rate. A similar Scanning pattern is used in the TV camera. By synchronizing the camera’s signal with the receiver’s sweep circuits, the electron beam can be activated and deactivated in step with the signal. The result is an image on the face of the cathode-ray tube that reduces the image picked up by the camera. Other uses for the CRT include the visual display for an oscilloscope and the video display unit for a computer.
Monday, May 19, 2008
Free Electron Moving
Every electron have own power to push themselves with the big speed, so that arise power against their movement. Attractive force going to atomic nucleus referred to centripetal force, while force which against centripetal force referred as centrifugal force. More near to the core cell, centrifugal force will greater, on the contrary if progressively far from cell core centrifugal force will smaller. Therefore, free electron easier to loose from the atom. This electron moving sometimes irregular, so make an impression if there is no movement of electron from one place to others regularly.
Free electron moving have no pertinent effect to the atom state. On regular electron movement will seen there are a electron moving from one atom to others atom side in estafette and continuously. This regular electron moving is called as electron stream. Movement process from one atom to others called as electrification. Electron Stream Regular free electron stream toward a certain direction define as follows: if the electron stream to the right then proton stream flow to the left. From the above description can be concluding as follows:
Free electron moving have no pertinent effect to the atom state. On regular electron movement will seen there are a electron moving from one atom to others atom side in estafette and continuously. This regular electron moving is called as electron stream. Movement process from one atom to others called as electrification. Electron Stream Regular free electron stream toward a certain direction define as follows: if the electron stream to the right then proton stream flow to the left. From the above description can be concluding as follows:
- If there is different charge will arise electrical force.
- Regular free electron movement will flow estafette.
- Electron stream impressing against the proton stream.
- Regular electron stream result electric current. 5. Electric current contains of number of electron, which flow through conductor.
Monday, May 12, 2008
Friday, May 2, 2008
Electrical Insulator
An electrical insulator is a substance that is very poor conductor of electricity. A conductor has many free electrons (roughly one per atom), which are free to move throughout the material, while in an insulator essentially all the electrons are bound to the atoms. A material that is a poor conductor of heat generally is also a poor conductor of electricity since both phenomena largely depend on the transport of energy by electrons.
The distinction between conductors and insulators, although not absolute is dramatic. It may be expressed in term of the resistivity, which is resistance in ohms or a piece of material 1 cm long, with a cross sectional area of 1 cm. the difference between the resistivity of copper, an excellent conductor, and that of glass, a typical insulator, is more than 1020, 100 billion billion.
Immediately between conductors and insulators are Semiconductors, which can have resistivities of the order 1 ohm-cm. These include substances like germanium and silicon. Impurities strongly alter the conducting properties of such materials. For example the addition of boron to pure silicon in the ratio of 1:100,000 increase the conductivity a thousand fold room temperature.
The principle of materials that is used for insulator is bad conductor. Materials use for insulators like plastic, rubber, glass, ceramic and others. Every materials may use in different condition and purpose. Some insulator can use for a body or box of electronics unit, others may must resist to chemicals condition like on car battery. Other purpose need insulator that can keep has as insulator and not damage on high temperature conditions or on cold conditions.
The distinction between conductors and insulators, although not absolute is dramatic. It may be expressed in term of the resistivity, which is resistance in ohms or a piece of material 1 cm long, with a cross sectional area of 1 cm. the difference between the resistivity of copper, an excellent conductor, and that of glass, a typical insulator, is more than 1020, 100 billion billion.
Immediately between conductors and insulators are Semiconductors, which can have resistivities of the order 1 ohm-cm. These include substances like germanium and silicon. Impurities strongly alter the conducting properties of such materials. For example the addition of boron to pure silicon in the ratio of 1:100,000 increase the conductivity a thousand fold room temperature.
The principle of materials that is used for insulator is bad conductor. Materials use for insulators like plastic, rubber, glass, ceramic and others. Every materials may use in different condition and purpose. Some insulator can use for a body or box of electronics unit, others may must resist to chemicals condition like on car battery. Other purpose need insulator that can keep has as insulator and not damage on high temperature conditions or on cold conditions.
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